Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), traditionally used for psychiatric disorders, is increasingly recognized for its efficacy in managing movement disorders, even without psychiatric comorbidities. A review of 90 studies highlights its benefits for conditions like Parkinson’s disease, tardive dyskinesia, and Tourette’s syndrome, showing improvements in motor and psychiatric symptoms, including depression and psychosis. For tardive dyskinesia, ECT significantly reduces abnormal movements, while in Tourette’s syndrome, it proves especially effective when combined with clozapine for treatment-resistant cases.

Despite its promise, ECT has limitations. It shows minimal impact on neuroacanthocytosis and limited efficacy for managing agitation in Alzheimer’s disease. Its effects on Huntington’s disease are mixed, with some reports of improvement and others noting worsened motor symptoms. While the mechanisms behind ECT’s benefits remain unclear, involving neurotransmitter modulation and neuroplasticity, more randomized trials are needed to refine protocols and identify ideal candidates. ECT remains a valuable option for refractory movement disorders, offering an alternative or complement to pharmacological treatments.

Reference: Muhammad N, Brooks Iii N, Chatham L, Chatham A, Muthukanagaraj P. Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Movement Disorders: A Literature Review. Cureus. 2023;15(3):e36634. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36634.