UpToDate provides information on the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of tardive dyskinesia (TD). The disorder is linked to the use of dopamine receptor-blocking therapies that include first- and second-generation antipsychotics. TD commonly presents as spontaneous mouth and tongue movements. A less common feature of TD is dystonia of areas including the neck. TD has a negative impact on quality of life and psychologic wellbeing, as it may be irreversible and lifelong. Discontinuing the therapy that is causing TD is the best chance for a patient to recover.

Reference: Liang TW, Tarsy D. Tardive dyskinesia: Prevention, treatment, and prognosis. UpToDate. Updated June 16, 2021. Accessed July 26, 2022. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tardive-dyskinesia-prevention-treatment-and-prognosis