In a study on cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia with tardive dyskinesia (TD), researchers found that TD exacerbates existing cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Particularly, patients with TD displayed worse cognitive performance, notably in visuospatial/constructional and attention domains, compared with those without TD. Notably, while male patients with TD exhibited significant cognitive impairments, this was not observed in female patients, suggesting a possible protective effect of female gender against TD and cognitive deficits, potentially linked to hormonal factors like estrogen.

The study underscores the intricate relationship between cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and TD, emphasizing the necessity for holistic treatment approaches. Therapeutic interventions targeting sex-specific mechanisms underlying TD and cognitive deficits may offer personalized care, recognizing the nuanced interplay between gender and symptomatology. These findings highlight the importance of tailored interventions in addressing cognitive impairments in schizophrenia, ensuring optimal treatment outcomes based on individualized considerations.

Reference: Zhang X. Gender Differences Observed in Patients With Schizophrenia Who Have TD. Physician’s Weekly. Published May 18, 2023. Accessed May 7, 2024. https://www.physiciansweekly.com/gender-differences-observed-in-patients-with-schizophrenia-who-have-td/